The energy market in Texas was a monopoly until just a few years ago; in any given area, one single utility managed the transmission, distribution, and sale of electricity to consumers. Deregulation, which gave consumers the possibility to choose their Retail Electricity Provider (REP), was supposed to do for the power industry what it had done in the telecommunications and airline industries: bring consumers lower prices and more competition. While the promise of significantly lower costs has not yet materialized, deregulation has led to a number of positive changes: intensified competition, greater use of green/renewable energy sources, and increased efficiency of existing power plants.
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